What Organs and Systems Are Covered Under Urology?

Urology is the medical specialty that focuses on diseases and disorders of the urinary tract in both men and women, as well as the male reproductive system.

The urinary system is the primary focus of urology. This includes:

• Kidneys: Two bean-shaped organs located near the middle of the back, responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood to form urine.
• Ureters: Thin tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
• Bladder: A hollow muscular organ that stores urine until it is ready to be expelled.
• Urethra: The tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body during urination.

In men, urology also covers the male reproductive organs, including:

• Prostate gland: A walnut-sized gland that helps produce seminal fluid.
• Testicles: Organs that produce sperm and testosterone.
• Epididymis: A tube where sperm mature and are stored.
• Vas deferens: Tubes that carry sperm from the testicles during ejaculation.
• Penis: The external organ involved in urination and reproduction.

Though women do not have a prostate or testicles, their urinary system is identical in structure and function to that of men. Women often see urologists for conditions such as urinary tract infections, bladder issues, or incontinence.

Urology also overlaps with other specialties. For example, urologists may work closely with nephrologists for kidney disorders, gynecologists for pelvic floor issues in women, and oncologists for cancers of the urinary or reproductive organs.

In summary, urology covers a wide range of organs and systems critical for removing waste, maintaining fluid balance, and supporting reproduction in men. Knowing which organs fall under urology helps people seek the right care at the right time.